Included Test Parameters
Kidney Function
- Calcium A mineral critical for bone strength, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.
- Urine Protein Screens for protein loss in the urine, an early marker of kidney stress or glomerular dysfunction.
- Chloride An electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance and acid-base status.
- Potassium A key mineral for nerve signaling, muscle contraction, and heart rhythm.
- Sodium An essential electrolyte that affects hydration, nerve function, and blood pressure.
- BUN/Creatinine Ratio Helps determine whether kidney stress is due to dehydration or internal damage.
- Creatinine Another waste marker filtered by the kidneys, often used with BUN for renal function.
- Cystatin C (with eGFR) A protein filtered by the kidneys, used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with greater accuracy than creatinine, regardless of muscle mass, creatine supplementation, or exercise.
- BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) A waste product filtered by the kidneys, used to evaluate kidney function.
- Carbon Dioxide Reflects blood buffering capacity and metabolic pH status.
- Urine pH Indicates the acidity or alkalinity of the urine, which may reflect diet, infection, or metabolic state.
Nutrient Status
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Vitamin D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D) This test measures the primary circulating form of vitamin D, essential for bone health, immune function, hormone production, and metabolic regulation.
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Ferritin Measures stored iron in the body, serving as both an indicator of iron status and a potential marker of inflammation.
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Magnesium, RBC Measures magnesium levels inside red blood cells to reflect long-term intracellular magnesium status, important for muscle, nerve, and cardiovascular function.
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Calcium A mineral critical for bone strength, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.
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Potassium A key mineral for nerve signaling, muscle contraction, and heart rhythm.
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Sodium An essential electrolyte that affects hydration, nerve function, and blood pressure.
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Albumin A major liver-made protein that maintains fluid balance and transports hormones.
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Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) Reflects the blood’s capacity to bind and transport iron, largely determined by transferrin levels.
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Chloride An electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance and acid-base status.
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Total Protein The sum of all proteins in the blood, including albumin and globulin.
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Homocysteine An amino acid that reflects methylation efficiency and cardiovascular health; elevated levels may indicate genetic methylation issues, B-vitamin deficiencies or increased disease risk.
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Iron Saturation (%) Calculates the percentage of transferrin that is actually bound to iron, helping assess iron availability.
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Iron, Total Measures the amount of circulating iron bound to transferrin in the blood.
Liver Function
- Albumin A major liver-made protein that maintains fluid balance and transports hormones.
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) An enzyme related to bile flow, bone health, and liver function.
- AST (SGOT) An enzyme found in liver and muscle; elevated levels suggest tissue damage.
- Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) An enzyme involved in liver detoxification and bile flow, often elevated in liver stress, alcohol use, or bile duct dysfunction.
- Bilirubin, Total Measures total bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown.
- A/G Ratio The ratio of albumin to globulin, used to evaluate liver and immune system balance.
- Globulin A group of proteins involved in immune function and inflammation.
- Bilirubin, Direct Assesses the conjugated (processed) form of bilirubin by the liver.
- ALT (SGPT) A liver-specific enzyme elevated in liver cell stress or injury.
- Total Protein The sum of all proteins in the blood, including albumin and globulin.
Hormones (Reproductive & Anabolic)
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Progesterone, LC/MS A key steroid hormone involved in the production of other hormones like cortisol and testosterone, as well as mood regulation, sleep quality, and neuroprotection. Measured using the highly sensitive LC/MS for accuracy.
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Testosterone, Total (LC/MS) Measures the total testosterone in the blood using gold-standard liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS), ensuring high accuracy even at low levels.
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Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) A protein that binds sex hormones like testosterone and regulates their bioavailability.
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Estradiol, Ultrasensitive (LC/MS) Measures very low levels of estradiol using highly sensitive LC/MS technology, ideal for accurately assessing estrogen balance in both sexes.
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Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) A pituitary hormone that stimulates sperm production and supports testicular function in men.
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Luteinizing Hormone (LH) A hormone released by the pituitary gland that signals the testes to produce testosterone and plays a key role in regulating the reproductive axis.
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Pregnenolone A precursor hormone from which all steroid hormones (like testosterone, cortisol, and progesterone) are synthesized, often assessed for adrenal and hormonal function. Also a potent neurosteroid impacting brain health.
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IGF-1 A liver-produced hormone regulated by growth hormone, reflecting muscle building and recovery potential.
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Free Testosterone (Equilibrium Dialysis) Assesses the biologically active portion of testosterone using equilibrium dialysis, the most accurate method for measuring unbound hormone.
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DHEA-S A precursor hormone produced by the adrenal glands, supporting testosterone and estrogen production.
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Prolactin A pituitary hormone that can influence libido, fertility, and hormonal balance in both men and women.
Urine Analysis
- Urine Crystals May indicate kidney stone risk or metabolic abnormalities.
- Urine Specific Gravity Assesses urine concentration and hydration by measuring the density of solutes in the sample.
- Urine White Blood Cells (WBCs) Microscopic evaluation of immune cells, often elevated in infections or inflammation.
- Urine Occult Blood Detects microscopic blood in the urine, which may signal trauma, kidney stones, or infection.
- Urine Casts Tube-shaped particles formed in the kidney tubules; their type (e.g. hyaline, granular) provides clues about kidney health.
- Urine Red Blood Cells (RBCs)Microscopic detection of blood, which can originate from the kidneys, bladder, or urethra.
- Urine Protein Screens for protein loss in the urine, an early marker of kidney stress or glomerular dysfunction.
- Urine Leukocyte Esterase Indicates white blood cells in the urine, commonly found with inflammation or infection.
- Urine Nitrite Suggests the presence of nitrate-reducing bacteria, often associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Urine Epithelial Cells (Squamous, Transitional, Renal) Assess cell types shed into urine to help localize potential pathology.
- Urine Urobilinogen A bilirubin breakdown product that may be altered in liver disease or hemolytic conditions.
- Urine Trichomonas A parasite that may be detected microscopically, associated with sexually transmitted infections.
- Urine Color & Appearance Visual inspection for clarity, cloudiness, or abnormal coloration, which may indicate hydration status or the presence of blood, protein, or sediment.
- Urine Bilirubin A marker that may reflect liver dysfunction or bile flow obstruction when present in urine.
- Urine Yeast May be seen in fungal infections, especially in individuals with diabetes or immunosuppression.
- Urine pH Indicates the acidity or alkalinity of the urine, which may reflect diet, infection, or metabolic state.
- Urine Glucose Detects the presence of sugar in urine, often elevated in uncontrolled diabetes or impaired glucose regulation.
- Urine Mucus Threads Can appear normally but may increase with irritation or infection.
- Urine Bacteria Microscopic presence of bacteria may support a diagnosis of UTI.
- Urine Ketones Measures fat metabolism byproducts, which can rise with fasting, ketogenic diets, or insulin deficiency.
Blood Analysis
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Monocytes (Absolute & %) White blood cells that clean up cellular debris and help regulate inflammation.
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Lymphocytes (Absolute & %) White blood cells involved in viral immunity and antibody production.
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MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) Indicates hemoglobin concentration within red cells.
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MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) Shows the average size of red blood cells.
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White Blood Cell Count (WBC) Measures immune cell levels, useful in detecting infection or inflammation.
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WBC Morphology Microscopic review of white cell appearance for abnormalities.
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Platelet Count Counts platelets, which help blood clot and stop bleeding.
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RBC Morphology Evaluates the shape and appearance of red blood cells under a microscope.
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RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) Reflects variation in red blood cell size—helpful in diagnosing anemia types.
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Eosinophils (Absolute & %) White cells involved in allergic reactions and parasite defense.
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Nucleated RBC (Absolute & %) Immature red blood cells, rarely seen in normal circulation—may suggest stress or disease.
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Neutrophils (Absolute & %)A type of white blood cell involved in acute infection response.
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Platelet Morphology Examines platelet size and structure to assess function or abnormal production.
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MPV (Mean Platelet Volume)Shows the average size of platelets—larger ones are often more active.
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Basophils (Absolute & %) Rare immune cells involved in allergy and inflammatory signaling.
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MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) Measures the average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell.
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Hematocrit Percentage of blood volume made up by red blood cells.
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Hemoglobin The oxygen-carrying protein inside red blood cells.
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Immature Granulocytes (Absolute & %) Early-stage white blood cells released during active bone marrow stimulation.
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Red Blood Cell Count (RBC) Counts red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.
Adrenal Function
- Cortisol A central hormone in the body’s stress response, influencing metabolism, inflammation, energy regulation, and circadian rhythm.
- Pregnenolone A precursor hormone from which all steroid hormones (like testosterone, cortisol, and progesterone) are synthesized, often assessed for adrenal and hormonal function. Also a potent neurosteroid impacting brain health.
- DHEA-S A precursor hormone produced by the adrenal glands, supporting testosterone and estrogen production.
Cardiovascular Health
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Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] A genetically determined lipoprotein variant associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, independent of LDL cholesterol.
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LDL Cholesterol The cholesterol contained within apoB that can contribute to plaque buildup in arteries.
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Total Cholesterol The sum of all cholesterol types in the blood—HDL, LDL, and VLDL.
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HDL Cholesterol The cholesterol that helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
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High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) A sensitive marker of systemic inflammation, used to assess cardiovascular risk and chronic inflammatory burden.
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Homocysteine An amino acid that reflects methylation efficiency and cardiovascular health; elevated levels may indicate genetic methylation issues, B-vitamin deficiencies or increased disease risk.
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VLDL Cholesterol (Calculated) Transports triglycerides and contributes to atherogenic risk.
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Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) Measures the number of atherogenic lipoprotein particles (like LDL, VLDL) in the blood—each of which carries one ApoB molecule—making it a powerful indicator of cardiovascular risk.
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Triglycerides A type of fat in the blood that rises with poor diet, insulin resistance, or alcohol use.
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Total Cholesterol/HDL Ratio A calculated ratio used to assess cardiovascular risk based on lipid balance.
Inflammation
- White Blood Cell Count (WBC) Measures immune cell levels, useful in detecting infection or inflammation.
- Homocysteine An amino acid that reflects methylation efficiency and cardiovascular health; elevated levels may indicate genetic methylation issues, B-vitamin deficiencies or increased disease risk.
- Ferritin Measures stored iron in the body, serving as both an indicator of iron status and a potential marker of inflammation.
- Albumin A major liver-made protein that maintains fluid balance and transports hormones.
- High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) A sensitive marker of systemic inflammation, used to assess cardiovascular risk and chronic inflammatory burden.
Neurosteroids
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Pregnenolone A precursor hormone from which all steroid hormones (like testosterone, cortisol, and progesterone) are synthesized, often assessed for adrenal and hormonal function. Also a potent neurosteroid impacting brain health.
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Progesterone, LC/MS A key steroid hormone involved in the production of other hormones like cortisol and testosterone, as well as mood regulation, sleep quality, and neuroprotection. Measured using the highly sensitive LC/MS for accuracy.
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DHEA-S A precursor hormone produced by the adrenal glands, supporting testosterone and estrogen production.
Metabolic Health
- Glucose Shows your blood sugar at a single point in time, typically after fasting.
- Hemoglobin A1c Shows your average blood glucose over the past 2–3 months.
- Triglycerides A type of fat in the blood that rises with poor diet, insulin resistance, or alcohol use.
- HDL Cholesterol The cholesterol that helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
- Insulin This test measures the level of insulin in the blood after an overnight fast. It helps assess insulin sensitivity and early metabolic dysfunction, often before changes in glucose or A1c appear.
Thyroid Function
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TSH Measures levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, which regulates the production of hormones by the thyroid gland.
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Free T3 (Triiodothyronine) Assesses the active thyroid hormone that directly affects cellular metabolism and energy production.
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Free T4 (Thyroxine) Measures the active, unbound form of T4, a major hormone involved in metabolism and energy.
